2007-12-03

Counting preservation in West Virginia

While it would be nice if fortune went more hand-in-hand with fame, fame sometimes brings one a nice surprise. I often get inquiries from people looking into languages and writing systems, and sometimes those queries are really very interesting. Last night, I received a very nice request from a charming person from West Virginia whose initials are V.E.L., who was born in 1927ː
Good evening to you, sir. This may sound very stupid to you but I'm willing to take that chance to ask you a question; I'm 80 years old and, as a young kid, I remember my Mother telling me and my siblings that she could count to 20 in Cherokee. We, of course, memorized that stuff and still have most of it stored in the old noggin. It went like this; teen, tain, tether, fether, fimps, matha, latha, catha, doublo, beaudix, teendix, taindix, tetherdix, fetherdix, bumpus, teenbump, tainbump, tetherbump, fetherbump, jenkus. (1 to 20)

It turns out that the numbers one to ten in Cherokee really don't have anything to do with the list which V.E.L. gave.

1sa'wu
2ta'li'
3tsoː'i'
4nvgi'
5hiːsgi'
6su'dali'
7galoquoː'gi'
8tsuneːla'
9so'neːla'
10sgo'hi'

So it's not Cherokee.
Is there any possibility that there was any merit at all in this, or was she simply kidding with us? I have been under the impression that dix was possibly French for 10 and that, coupled with teen for 11, makes a little bit of sense to me. The spelling is just my idea of how the words sounded and I am not a linguist at all. If you can find time to respond, it will greatly appreciated.

I think there's a good chance it's Welsh. At least some of it is. It's five and the shift after fifteen that clinch it for me.

W.Va.IPAWelshIPA
1teentiːnuniːn
2taintɑɪndaudɑɪ
3tetherˈtɛðərtritriː
4fetherˈfɛðərpedwarˈpɛdwɑr
5fimpsfɪmpspemppɛmp
6mathaˈmɑθəchwechxwɛx
7lathaˈlɑθəsaithsɑɪθ
8cathaˈkɑθəwythwɪθ
9doubloˈduːblonawnɑʊ
10beaudixˈboːdɪksdegdeg
11teendixˈtiːndɪksun ar ddegiːn ɑr ðeg
12taindixˈtɑɪndɪksdeuddegdeɪðeg
13tetherdixˈtɛðərdɪkstri ar ddegtriː ɑr ðeg
14fetherdixˈfɛðərdɪkspedwar ar ddegˈpɛdwɑr ɑr ðeg
15bumpusˈbʌmpəspymthegˈpɪmθeg
16teenbumpˈtiːnbʌmpun ar bymthegiːn ɑr ˈbɪmθeg
17tainbumpˈtɑɪnbʌmpdau ar bymthegdɑɪ ɑr ˈbɪmθeg
18tetherbumpˈtɛðərbʌmpdeunawˈdeɪnɑʊ
19fetherbumpˈfɛðərbʌmppedwar ar bymthegˈpɛdwɑr ɑr ˈbɪmθeg
20jenkusˈdʒɛŋkəsugainˈigɑɪn

7 Comments:

Blogger Andrew West said...

Very interesting! Sounds to me as if these are a form of the Cumbria Sheep Counting Numbers which some people optimistically believe are a relic of the Brythonic Celtic language spoken in Northern England and southern Lowland Scotland a thousand years ago, and which others, more cautiously, think are corruptions of Welsh numbers introduced into the region by Welsh shepherds.

It would be interesting to know where your correspondent's mother's family originally came from.

3 December 2007 14:38  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

Is'nt it Cumbrian? See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbrian#Cumbrian_numbers

6 January 2008 18:49  
Blogger Michael Everson said...

Thanks to both of you. I hadn't heard of the Cumbrian numbers before.

19 January 2008 18:46  
Blogger Michael Everson said...

My informant says that his mother's name is Ellison. From the 1881 UK census: http://www.nationaltrustnames.org.uk/Map.aspx?name=ELLISON&year=1881&altyear=1998&country=GB&type=name

22 January 2008 16:52  
Blogger My Name is Iosifina said...

Wow, someone else knows how to count with teen, tain,....My grandmother from eastern Kentucky taught me how, and I'm the only grandchild to still have it memorized. Just curious to see if anyone else knew this jingle, I googled it, and your blog appeared.
--Iosifina

28 September 2008 21:19  
Blogger Harry Campbell said...

The way it "jingles" is immediately recognisable as a one of those shepherd's counting systems (which are not just Cumbrian, see the fuller coverage at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yan_Tan_Tethera). Permit me a little correction on the Welsh: it's pump [pɪmp] not pemp. In your transcriptions, wyth is [uiθ] not [wɪθ] and pymtheg (etc) should [ˈpəmθeg] not [ˈpɪmθeg].

23 September 2009 14:38  
Blogger Harry Campbell said...

It's fascinating to think of these counting systems travelling as far as places like West Virginia, and still being remembered to this day (if only as a curiosity).

23 September 2009 14:41  

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